The first step in the graphics application is sending the vertex data to the GPU for rendering. The green nodes represent stages of the fixed-function pipeline that have been replaced by different stages in the programmable shader pipeline in later versions of the OpenGL API.
In this diagram, the blue nodes represent the stages of the rendering pipeline that are still used in the current OpenGL rendering pipeline.
The following diagram illustrates the various stages of the fixed-function pipeline. Using a fixed-function pipeline, the graphics programmer did not have full control over the various aspects of the rendering pipeline. The term “fixed-function” refers to the fact that all of the functions performed by OpenGL were “fixed” and could not be modified except through the manipulation of various rendering states. When OpenGL was first introduced, it featured a fixed-function rendering pipeline. Despite the transfer from the OpenGL Architecture Review Board, the ARB acronym is still used today to prefix the name of OpenGL core extensions. In July 2006, the OpenGL Architecture Review Board transferred control of the OpenGL specification to the Khronos group where it currently resides. OpenGL was released as an open standard and a committee called the OpenGL Architecture Review Board (ARB) was setup to develop and maintain the OpenGL specification. OpenGL was originally created by a company called Silicon Graphics in 1991 and released in 1992. Unlike other popular graphics API’s (like DirectX), OpenGL is platform agnostic meaning that you can write an OpenGL application on one platform and the same OpenGL program can be compiled and run on another platform. OpenGL is a rendering API (application programming interface) that provides hardware accelerated (GPU) rendering functions.
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